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Prospective Client Relationships, Client Classification, and Onboarding

Learn how the client relationship model, client classification, onboarding, KYC collection, and recordkeeping work together at the start of a CIRO-regulated client relationship.

Chapter 2 covers the beginning of the client relationship. It explains what the firm must disclose before the relationship is relied on, how the client should be classified, what information and authority documents must be collected, and why the onboarding file has to support later suitability, supervision, and complaint resolution from day one.

The chapter is best studied as a decision sequence. First, define the relationship clearly through disclosure, conflict handling, suitability logic, and reporting expectations. Second, classify the client properly and decide whether any institutional treatment, waiver, or exempt-market concept is actually available. Third, complete onboarding with defensible KYC, authority controls, cost disclosure, and records.

Most Chapter 2 exam questions are really next-step questions. The strongest answer is usually the one that identifies what is still missing from the relationship or the file before the firm proceeds.

Chapter snapshot

ItemWhat matters here
Indicative questions11
Main skillbuild a defensible relationship and onboarding file before acting
Typical trapassuming the relationship is usable before disclosure, classification, or KYC is complete
Strongest first instinctask what is still missing before the firm can rely on the account or recommendation process

What this chapter is usually testing

  • whether you know what has to be complete before the relationship can be relied on
  • whether you can distinguish relationship setup, client classification, and KYC completion from later suitability analysis
  • whether you recognize when the file is still too weak for the next step

Common clue -> stronger answer direction

If the stem emphasizes…Stronger answer direction
vague account purpose or incomplete client factspause and improve KYC first
institutional treatment, waivers, or exemptionsconfirm eligibility before relying on special treatment
authority documents, signing authority, or power of attorneysolve the authority question before the product question
delivered disclosures but missing file evidencetreat the documentation gap as a real control problem

What this chapter is really testing

This chapter is testing whether you know how a client relationship becomes usable in practice. Stronger answers usually:

  1. define the relationship and service model clearly
  2. classify the client correctly before assuming any special treatment
  3. notice whether missing forms, authority limits, KYC facts, or disclosure gaps make the next step premature

How to study this chapter well

  • read the chapter as one onboarding workflow instead of as isolated rules
  • keep client classification, authority, KYC, and cost disclosure connected in the same file-building sequence
  • treat exempt, institutional, or waiver concepts as exceptions that must be earned by the facts
  • ask what later suitability or complaint review would need to see in the file

What stronger answers usually do

  • stop the process when key onboarding evidence is still missing
  • separate relationship-definition problems from product or suitability problems
  • prefer the answer that improves file quality and client clarity before the firm proceeds

In this section

Revised on Thursday, April 23, 2026